2.
Atmospheric Environment
The stresses of air pollution treatment
and prevention were still large for some areas of
the province. The 7 cities, which were identified
as acid-rain control regions, faced a significant
task in reducing SO2 emission.
Acid Rain Pollution
For 15 key cities monitored for acid
rain pollution levels, the average frequency of acid
rain was 16.1%. Acid rain occurred in ten of these
cities, or 66.7% of the total. The average pH value
of the precipitation ranged between 4.73 and 7.30.
Chuxiong City encountered the lowest value of 4.73;
the second lowest, at 4.87, was recorded in Gejiu
City .
In the 10 cities in
which acid rain fell, the lowest pH range was from
between 4.00-5.10, with Kunming experiencing the lowest
value overall (4.00). The second lowest range was
between 4.04 and 4.10, recorded in Zhaotong and Gejiu
Cities. The frequency of acid rain falling was between
2.2% to 76.1%; Chuxiong City encountered the highest
frequency.
Among 7 cities identified
as acid rain control regions, 6 cities experienced
acid rain, the exception being Qilin District. Of
these, the acid rain frequency was 31.1%, or 1.93
times that of the total 15 cities monitored.
Compared with the previous
year, the acid rain frequency decreased from 16.6%
to 16.1%. Simao City, which previously had no recorded
incidences, experienced acid rain for the first time.
In total, the number of cities experiencing acid rain
in the province increased from 60.0% to 66.7%.
Emission and Change of Waste
Gas and its Major Pollutants
The total emissions
of industrial waste gas were 419,723 million m 3 .
The emission of pollutants in waste gas included 0.4526
million tons of SO2 of which industrial
SO2 was 0.3807million tons or 84.1% of
the total amount; smoke dust was 0.1704 million tons,
of which industrial smoke dust was 0.1314 million
tons or 77.1% of the total amount; and industrial
dust was 71,900 tons. Compared with the previous year,
the emission amount of industrial waste gas increased
by 14.7% and SO2 increased by 24.39%, while
smoke dust and industrial dust decreased respectively
by 3.2% and 8.3%, of which industrial SO2
increased by 29.9% and industrial smoke dust decreased
by 0.2%. The main sectors responsible for emission
of waste gas and its pollutants included non-metallic
mine manufacturing, coal-burning power generation
and the chemicals industry. The main areas responsible
for waste gas emission were Kunming City , Qujing
City and Honghe Prefecture.
The emission amount
of industrial waste gas in acid rain control regions
was 317,465 million m3, covering 75.6%
of the provincial total; industrial SO2
was 0.2874 million tons, or 75.5% of the provincial
total.
Measures
and Actions
Waste Gas Treatment
By the end of 2003,
3,806 facilities for waste gas treatment, with a total
treatment capacity of 73.8707 million m3/hour,
were established. Of these, 246 sets were desulfurizing
plants with a desulfurization capacity of 109.53 tons/hour.
In 2003, the amount of sulfur removed was 0.4966 million
tons, the amount of smoke dust removed was 3.3052
million tons, and the amount of industrial dust removed
was 1.3481 million tons. The emission amount of smoke
dust and industrial dust respectively decreased by
0.2% and 8.3% compared with the previous year. 184
waste gas treatment plants were planned with a total
investment of 265.07 million Yuan. Of these, 161 plants
were completed with the total capacity increased by
6.0924 million m3/hour.
Pollution Treatment of Acid
Rain Control Regions
By the end of 2003,
191 desulfurising facilities, with a desulfurizing
capacity of 102.10 tons/hour, were established in
industrial enterprises in acid rain control regions
of the province. 444,500 tons of SO2 were
removed, with a removal rate of 64.71% and a standard-compliant
rate of SO2 emission of 42.58%. Of 22 projects
identified by the Action Plan for SO2 Pollution
Treatment and Prevention in Acid Rain Control Regions
of Yunnan Province (2001-2005), fourteen projects
were completed.
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